Flathead Catfish Fishing Guide

The flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris) is the second-largest North American catfish, reaching over 120 pounds, and the most predatory of the three major catfish species. Unlike channel and blue catfish, flatheads are almost exclusively live-bait hunters — they very rarely take cut or prepared bait. The flattened head, small eyes set on top of the skull, and mottled yellow-brown coloration distinguish it from other catfish. Flatheads are intensely territorial solitary predators that occupy specific log jams, undercut banks, or large boulders for extended periods — the same fish can be found in the same spot year after year. Males aggressively guard the nest after spawning and will attack large intruders including wading anglers.

Flathead Catfish is a freshwater species.

Habitat

Large rivers and their impoundments throughout the central and eastern US, from South Dakota to Texas and east to the Atlantic coast rivers where introduced. Requires deeper water with large woody debris, undercut banks, or boulders for cover; rarely found in the same spots as channel catfish, preferring heavier structure.

Diet

Almost exclusively live fish — primarily sunfish, perch, carp, and other catfish; flatheads rarely eat dead bait. Large live sunfish or carp fished on the bottom near heavy structure is the most reliable technique, exploiting the flathead's preference for ambush hunting.

Fishing Techniques

Best Seasons

Summer, Spring

Size & Records

Average weight: 15 lbs. World record: 123 lbs (Elk City Reservoir, Kansas, USA (1998)).