Walleye Fishing Guide

The walleye (Sander vitreus) is the most commercially and recreationally important fish in the Great Lakes and northern US, prized for exceptionally mild, boneless fillets. The glassy, opaque eyes — the result of a reflective tapetum lucidum — give walleye a decided advantage in low-light conditions and account for their reputation as a crepuscular feeder. Native to the Great Lakes, Mississippi drainage, and Canadian Shield lakes, the walleye has been extensively stocked throughout the northern and western US. Females grow considerably larger than males — most trophy fish over 10 pounds are females. The world record of 25 pounds was set in Old Hickory Lake, Tennessee, an impressive demonstration of how well walleye adapt to warmer southern waters.

Walleye is a freshwater species.

Habitat

Large, relatively clear lakes with moderate fertility; also large, cool rivers with moderate current. Prefers turbid or stained water over rocky and sandy bottom in the 65–75°F temperature range; retreats to depths of 20–40 feet during summer days and moves shallow at dawn and dusk to feed.

Diet

Almost entirely fish — primarily yellow perch, shiners, and other minnow-sized fish — with crayfish and leeches as secondary prey. Low-light feeding behavior makes jigs tipped with live minnows and nightcrawlers on slip-sinker rigs the most consistently effective presentation.

Fishing Techniques

Best Seasons

Spring, Fall, Winter

Size & Records

Average weight: 2 lbs. World record: 25 lbs (Mille Lacs Lake, Minnesota, USA (1979)).